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1 αἰσχύνη
-ης + ἡ N 1 0-7-29-25-23=84 1 Sm 20,30(bis); 2 Sm 23,7; 1 Kgs 18,19.25shame, dishonour, disgrace 1 Sm 20,30; feeling of shame, shamefulness Sir 4,21 (primo); feeling of shame, sense of honour (pos.) Sir 4,21(secundo); shame for [τινος] 2 Mc 5,7; pudenda, sexual parts Na 3,5ἐποίησεν αἰσχύνην μία γυνὴ εἰς τὸν οἶκον a woman brought shame upon the house Jdt 14,18*2 Sm 23,7 αἰσχύνην shame-תשׁב for MT בתשׁ/ב בשׁי in the sitting?; *1 Kgs 18,19 τῆς αἰσχύνης of shame-תשׁב for MT בעל Baal (contemptuous deformation of name), see also 18,25; *Is 47,10 σοὶ αἰσχύνη shame for you-תךשׁבו for MT ובבתךשׁ led you astrayCf. SHIPP 1979, 49; →NIDNTT; TWNT -
2 αἰσχύνη
αἰσχύνη, ης, ἡ (Theognis, Aeschyl. et al.; pap, LXX; En 13:5; PsSol 9:6; TestLevi 15:2; Ar. 13:5; Just., A I, 16, 3; Ath. 1, 4; Mel., P. 68, 483).① a sensitivity respecting possibility of dishonor, modesty, shame a feeling that one has (Aristoxenus, Fgm. 42a; Diod S 2, 4, 3; Plut., Mor. 248b; UPZ 70, 25 [II B.C.]; PGM 17a, 8; PsSol 9:6; En 13:5 ἀπὸ αἰ.; Jos., Ant. 5, 147) τὸ τῆς αἰσχύνης ἔνδυμα πατεῖν prob. to throw off and tread under foot the garment of shame (which men have worn since the awakening of modesty, i.e. the fall, Gen 3:7, cp. 2:25) GEg 252, 57 (cp. Mel., P. 68, 483 τὸν θάνατον ἐνδύσας αἴσχύνην). τὰ κρυπτὰ τῆς αἰ. what one conceals fr. a feeling of shame 2 Cor 4:2. Modesty, reverence (w. φόβος) of slaves toward masters D 4:11; B 19:7 (cp. X., Cyr. 6, 1, 35; Soph, Ajax 1079; Demosth. 25, 24).② an experience of ignominy that comes to someone, shame, disgrace (Ath. 1:4; Diod S 2, 23, 2; Appian, Samn. 4 §11; PEleph 1, 6; PTebt 104, 30; POxy 471, 78; Sir 25:22; EpArist 206; Philo; TestLevi 15:2): ἡ αἰ. τῆς γυμνότητος shameful nakedness Rv 3:18. καταφρονεῖν αἰσχύνης disdain the shame Hb 12:2. ἡ δόξα ἐν τῇ αἰσχύνῃ αὐτῶν they find their glory in that which causes them shame Phil 3:19. μετὰ αἰσχύνης in disgrace (Demosth. 20, 16; Polyb. 3, 81, 6; 1 Esdr 8:74; Philo, Det. Pot. Ins. 51; Jos., Ant. 12, 179) Lk 14:9.③ commission of someth. shameful, a shameful deed, pl. (Eur., Herc. 1423; Isocr. 14, 50; Aeschin. 1, 154; Jos., Ant. 4, 260) ἐπαφρίζειν τὰς αἰ. casting up their shameful deeds like (waves casting up) foam Jd 13.—MKlopfenstein, Scham u. Schande nach d. AT, ’72.—B. 1141. DELG s.v. αἶσχος. M-M. TW. -
3 φοβέω
+ V 77-94-78-107-104=460 Gn 3,10; 15,1; 18,15; 19,30; 20,2M/P: to fear [τινα] Nm 21,34; id. [τι] 2 Kgs 25,24; id. [abs.] (as feeling of shame) Gn 3,10; to fear, to be afraid [abs.] Dt 1,21; to fear to do, to be afraid of doing [+inf.] Gn 19,30; to be afraid of [ἀπό τινος] Dt 1,29; to fear for [περί τινος] Jos 9,24to reverence [τινα] Lv 19,3; id. [τι] Prv 30,1; id. [ἀπό τινος] Lv 19,30ὁ φοβούμενος one who respects Ex 9,20; οἱ φοβούμενοι the religious men 2 Chr 5,6 *Is 33,7(tertio) φοβηθήσονται they shall fear corr.? βοήσονται they shall cry out for MT צעקו; *JgsA 14,11 ἐν τῷ φοβεῖσθαι αὐτούς in their fearing-ביראתם for MT כראותם at their seeing, when they saw, see also 1 Kgs 19,3, Jer 17,3(MTk -MTq), Ez 18,14, Mi 6,9, Jb 37,24(secundo); *Ex 20,18 φοβηθέντες fearing-ירא to be afraid for MT וירא ראה and he saw; *DnLXX 11,12 οὐ μὴ φοβηθῇ he shall not fear-זוע for MT יעוז לא he shall not prevailCf. DODD 1954, 77; HELBING 1928, 29-30; WEVERS 1990 134.315; →NIDNTT; TWNT(→ἐκφοβέω,,) -
4 αἰδώς
A reverence, awe, respect for the feeling or opinion of others or for one's own conscience, and so shame, self-respect (in fullἑαυτοῦ αἰδώς Hierocl. in CA9p.433M.
), sense of honour,αἰδῶ θέσθ' ἐνὶ θυμῷ Il.15.561
; ἴσχε γὰρ αἰ. καὶ δέος ib. 657, cf. Sapph.28, Democr. 179, etc.;αἰ. σωφροσύνης πλεῖστον μετέχει, αἰσχύνης δὲ εὐψυχία Th. 1.84
, cf. E.Supp. 911, Arist.EN 1108a32, etc.;αἰδοῖ μειλιχίῃ Od.8.172
; soἀλλά με κωλύει αἴδως Alc.55
(Sapphus est versus); ; δακρύων πένθιμον αἰδῶ tears of grief and shame, A.Supp. 579;αἰ. τίς μ' ἔχει Pl. Sph. 217d
;αἰ. καὶ δίκη Id.Prt. 322c
;αἰδοῦς ἐμπίπλασθαι X.Cyr.1.4.4
; sobriety, moderation, Pi.O.13.115;αἰδῶ λαβεῖν S.Aj. 345
.2 regard for others, respect, reverence,αἰδοῦς οὐδεμιῆς ἔτυχον Thgn.1266
, cf. E.Heracl. 460; αἰ. τοκέων respect for them, Pi.P.4.218; τὴν ἐμὴν αἰδῶ respect for me, A.Pers. 699; regard for friends, ; esp. regard for the helpless, compassion,αἰδοῦς κῦρσαι S.OC 247
; forgiveness, Antipho 1.26, Pl.Lg. 867e (cf.αἰδέομαι 11.2
).II that which causes shame or respect, and so,1 shame, scandal,αἰδώς, Ἀργεῖοι, κάκ' ἐλέγχεα Il.5.787
, etc.; αἰδώς, ὦ Λύκιοι· πόσε φεύγετε; 16.422;αἰδὼς μὲν νῦν ἥδε.. 17.336
.2 = τὰ αἰδοῖα, Il.2.262, Arat.493, D.H.7.72.III Αἰδώς personified, Reverence, Pi.O.7.44; Mercy, Ζηνὶ σύνθακος θρόνων Αἰ. S.OC 1268, cf. Paus. 1.17.1;παρθένος Αἰδοῦς Δίκη λέγεται Pl.Lg. 943e
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5 ὀκνέω
Aὤκνεον 20.155
: [tense] fut.- ήσω Isoc.6.72
: [tense] aor.ὤκνησα D.18.103
, etc.: ([etym.] ὄκνος):— shrink from doing, scruple, hesitate to do a thing, c. inf.,ὀκνείω ἵππων ἐπιβαινέμεν Il.5.255
;ἀρχέμεναι πολέμοιο ὤκνεον 20.155
.—In [dialect] Att. mostly with collat. sense of the feeling which causes the hesitation, and so,1 of shame or fear (in a moral sense), ὀκνῶ προδότης καλεῖσθαι I shrink from being called, fear to be called, S.Ph.93, cf. Th.5.61, Lys.Fr. 23 ; οἷα ἐγὼ ὀκνῶ πρὸς ὑμᾶς ὀνομάσαι shrink from naming, hesitate to name, D.2.19, cf. Pl.Grg. 462e ;τοσαῦθ' ὅσ' ὀκνήσαιμ' ἂν.. εἰπεῖν D.18.103
, cf. 24.7, etc.2 of pity,σὰς ὀκνῶ θρᾶξαι φρένας A.Pr. 628
, cf.S. El. 1271.3 most commonly of cowardice or indolence,μεμηνότ' ἄνδρα.. ὀκνεῖς ἰδεῖν Id.Aj.81
, cf. Th.1.120, etc.—The Homeric constr. c. inf. continued most common (v. supr.): rarely c. acc., πῶς τὸ μητρὸς λέκτρον οὐκ ὀκνεῖν με δεῖ; S.OT 976 ;ὃν μήτ' ὀκνεῖτε Id.OC 731
, cf. X.Cyr.2.2.21 ;ἂν ὀκνῇς τὸ μανθάνειν Philem.213.1
; alsoὀ. περί τινος X.Cyr.4.5.20
;ὀ. μή.. Pl.Phdr. 257c
, X.An.2.3.9, D.1.18.
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